Abstract: The report pointed out that China's economy has already entered a high-quality development stage from high-speed growth stage in the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Moreover, the strategic choice in the new era is to accelerate the green development of aquaculture and built China into a strong modernized aquaculture power. Based on the background of the green development of aquaculture in China, this article discussed the key tasks of promoting the green development of aquaculture in seven aspects:seizing the basic principles of promoting the green development, defining the development space of aquaculture industry based on the laws, strengthening the protection of legitimate rights as well as the interests of aquaculture production operators, carrying out the environment management in aquaculture waters in accordance with laws, promoting the innovative development of aquaculture seed industry, strengthening the supervision on the epidemic prevention of aquatic animal and veterinary drugs and actively accelerating the transformation of developing mode in aquaculture.