Enzyme Activity and Gene Expression Related to Energy Metabolism of Yellowfin Tuna with Different Body Mass
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摘要: 【目的】探究不同体质量的黄鳍金枪鱼（Thunnus albacares）红肌和白肌组织之间能量代谢的差异。【方法】测定黄鳍金枪鱼小鱼［（0.85±0.03）kg］、中鱼［（9.77±0.15）kg］和大鱼［（19.63±0.37）kg］红肌和白肌的糖原含量、无氧和有氧代谢关键酶活性及代谢相关基因表达量等指标。【结果】1）红肌糖原含量在大鱼组最高，小鱼组最低（P＜0.05），白肌中鱼组的糖原含量最高，且不同体质量组红肌中糖原含量极显著高于白肌（P＜0.01）。2）红肌和白肌大鱼组无氧代谢关键酶己糖激酶（HK）、丙酮酸激酶（PK）、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和磷酸果糖激酶（PFK）的活性显著高于其余两组（P＜0.05），且大鱼组白肌中HK、PK、LDH和PFK活性均显著高于红肌（P＜0.05）；有氧代谢关键酶柠檬酸合成酶（CS）、琥珀酸脱氢酶（SDH）和苹果酸脱氢酶（MDH）活性在大鱼组显著高于其余两组（P＜0.05），且红肌中CS、SDH活性在大鱼组显著高于白肌（P＜0.05）。3）有氧和无氧代谢关键酶基因表达结果发现，红肌中hk、sdh和mdh基因表达量差异显著且在大鱼组表达量最高（P＜0.05），ldh和pk基因表达量无显著差异，cs和pfk基因的表达量在在中鱼组显著高于其余两组（P＜0.05）；白肌中不同体质量组sdh和mdh基因表达量存在显著差异（P＜0.05），hk、pk和cs基因表达量在中鱼组显著高于其他组（P＜0.05），pfk基因表达量差异不显著，ldh基因表达量在大鱼组最高。大鱼组红肌cs和sdh基因表达量极显著高于白肌（P＜0.01），白肌hk、pk和ldh基因表达量分别在中鱼组和大鱼组极显著高于红肌（P＜0.01）。4）体质量是影响糖原含量和酶活性的主要因素。【结论】黄鳍金枪鱼红、白肌肉糖原含量，无氧和有氧代谢酶的活性和基因表达受鱼体质量影响。Abstract: 【Objective】 The aim of this study is to investigate the differences in energy metabolism between red and white muscle tissues of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) of different body mass.【Methods】 The glycogen content, anaerobic and aerobic metabolic key enzyme activity and metabolism-related gene expression were measured in red and white muscle of small fish (0.85±0.03)kg, middle fish (9.77 ± 0.15) kg and large fish (19.63 ± 0.37) kg were measured.【Results】 1) Glycogen content in red muscle was the highest in large fish group and the lowest in small fish group (P＜0.05).And the content of glycogen in white muscle was the highest in middle fish, and glycogen content in red muscle of different body mass groups were extremely significantly higher than that in white muscle(P＜0.01).2)The activity of anaerobic metabolism key enzymes, including hexokinase (HK), pyruvate kinase (PK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and phosphofructokinase (PFK) in red and white muscle of large fish group were significantly higher than those in small and middle fish (P＜0.05), and the activities of HK, PK, LDH and PFK in white muscle of large fish group were significantly higher than those in red muscle (P＜0.05); The activity of aerobic metabolism key enzymes, including citrate synthase (CS), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and malate dehydrogenase (MDH), were much higher in large fish group than in the other two groups (P＜0.05).And CS and SDH activities in red muscle were significantly higher than those in white muscle tissue in large fish group(P＜0.05).3)There were significant differences in the expression of the hk, sdh and mdh genes in the red muscle, with the highest expression in the large fish group(P＜0.05), the ldh and pk gene expressions had no correlation with body mass, the expression of cs and pfk gene were higher than other two groups (P＜0.05); The expression levels of sdh and mdh genes in white muscle with different body mass were significantly different (P＜0.05), the hk, pk and cs gene expressions in middle fish group were significantly higher than those in other groups (P＜0.05), but pfk gene expression was not significantly different, and the ldh gene expression was the highest in large fish group.The expressions of cs and sdh genes in red muscle were significantly higher than those in white muscle in the large fish group (P＜0.01), and the expressions of hk, pk and ldh genes in white muscle were extremely higher than those in red muscle in the middle and large groups (P＜0.01).4) Body mass was the main factor affecting glycogen content and enzyme activity.【Conclusion】 Tuna muscle glycogen content, anaerobic and aerobic metabolic enzyme activity and gene expression are influenced by changes in fish body mass.
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Key words:
- Thunnus albacares /
- body mass /
- energy metabolism /
- gene expression /
- red muscle /
- white muscle
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