Effects of Guanidinoacetic Acetic Acid on Growth Performance, Digestion and Absorption, Metabolism and Antioxidant Capacity of Sebastes schlegelii
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摘要: 【目的】探究饲料中添加胍基乙酸（GAA）对许氏平鲉（Sebastes schlegelii）生长性能、消化吸收、代谢及抗氧化能力的影响，为GAA在许氏平鲉网箱养殖配合饲料中的应用提供依据。【方法】取初始体质量为（125.00±1.00）g许氏平鲉，分别投喂添加质量分数0.00%、0.01%、0.02%、0.04%、0.08%的胍基乙酸5种等氮等脂饲料（分别记为D0、D1、D2、D3和D4组）7周，测定许氏平鲉生长性能、消化酶活力、抗氧化能力、血清生化指标和肝脏糖代谢等指标。【结果】1）与对照组（D0）相比，D1、D2、D3和D4组显著提高了鱼体增重率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率，降低了饲料系数（P＜0.05）；2）饲料中添加胍基乙酸对全鱼水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分均无显著影响（P＞0.05）；3）与D0组相比，D1、D2、D3和D4组肠道胰蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力显著升高（P＜0.05），脂肪酶活力则在D3和D4组显著升高（P＜0.05）；4）与D0组相比，D3组血清甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著升高（P＜0.05）；5）与D0组相比，D1、D2、D3和D4组肝脏总抗氧化能力显著提高（P＜0.05），丙二醛含量则在D1、D2、D3和D4组显著降低（P＜0.05），D2、D3和D4组超氧化物歧化酶活力显著提高（P＜0.05）。6）与D0组相比，D1、D2、D3和D4组肝脏丙酮酸激酶活力和肌酸激酶活力均显著降低（P＜0.05），磷酸果糖激酶活力则在D3组显著降低（P＜0.05），D2、D3和D4组肝脏中肌酸（Cr）含量显著升高（P＜0.05）。【结论】以增重率为评价指标，许氏平鲉饲料中胍基乙酸的适宜添加量为0.04%；饲料中添加0.04%～0.08%胍基乙酸可提高许氏平鲉肠道消化酶活力，并可通过调节代谢产物Cr的含量发挥抗氧化和能量调节作用。Abstract: 【Objective】 To investigate the effects of guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) on growth performance, digestion and absorption, metabolism and antioxidant capacityantioxidant capacity of Sebastes schlegelii and to provide theoretical basis for the application of GAA in the cage culture of S. schlegelii.【Method】 Five iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipid experimental diets were prepared by adding GAA with mass fraction of 0.00% (D0), 0.01% (D1), 0.02% (D2), 0.04% (D3), 0.08% (D4) respectively to the basal diet and fed to five groups of experimental rockfish[initial mass (125.00±1.00) g]for seven weeks.Growth performance, antioxidant, serum biochemical indices and liver glycometabolism of S. schlegelii were determined.【Result】 The results in the current study indicated that: (1) Compared with control group(D0), groups D1, D2, D3 and D4 significantly increased the body weight gain rate, specific growth rate and protein efficiency, and decreased the feed coefficient (P＜0.05).(2) There were no significant differences in moisture, crude protein, crude lipid and ash content of whole fish among the five groups (P＞0.05).(3) Compared with group D0, the activities of intestinal trypsin and amylase in groups D1, D2, D3 and D4 were significantly increased(P＜0.05), while the activities of lipase in groups D3 and D4 were significantly increased (P＜0.05).(4) Compared with group D0, serum triglyceride and high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations in group D3 were significantly increased (P＜0.05).(5)Compared with group D0, T-AOC content in liver in groups D1, D2, D3 and D4 was significantly increased (P＜0.05), malondialdehyde content was significantly decreased in groups D1, D2, D3 and D4(P＜0.05), and SOD activity in groups D2, D3 and D4 was significantly increased (P＜0.05).(6)Compared with group D0, the PK activity and CK activity in liver of groups D1, D2, D3 and D4 were significantly decreased (P＜0.05), the PFK activity was significantly decreased in group D3 (P＜0.05), and the Cr content in liver of groups D2, D3 and D4 was significantly increased(P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 With the weight gain rate as the evaluation indictor, the appropriate supplemental level of GAA in the diet of S. schlegelii is 0.04% .The addition of suitable GAA (0.04% -0.08% ) in the diet can improve the intestinal digestive enzyme activity of S. schlegelii, and regulate the content of metabolites to exert antioxidant effect and energy-regulating effect.
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