Effects of Dietary DHA/EPA Mass Ratio on Growth Performance, Body Composition and Digestive Enzyme Activity of Larval Grouper (Epinephelus coioides)
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摘要: 【目的】探究饲料中DHA与EPA质量比（下称“DHA/EPA”）对斜带石斑鱼（Epinephelus coioides）稚鱼生长性能、体组成及消化酶活力的影响。【方法】通过调整DHA纯化油和EPA纯化油含量配制DHA/EPA分别为0.82、1.28、1.67、2.00和2.33的5种等氮等脂饲料（分别记为0.82、1.28、1.67、2.00和2.33组），饲喂初始体质量（70.2±0.2）mg的斜带石斑鱼稚鱼4周，测定稚鱼生长性能、体成分及消化酶活力。【结果】饲料中DHA/EPA对斜带石斑鱼稚鱼存活率没有显著影响（P＞0.05），但1.67组生长性能显著高于其他各组（P＜0.05）。饲料中DHA/EPA的升高显著提高了石斑鱼稚鱼粗脂肪的含量（P＜0.05）。1.67组稚鱼粗蛋白含量显著高于其他各组（P＜0.05），水分含量低于其他各组（P＜0.05）。石斑鱼稚鱼全鱼和肌肉脂肪酸含量与饲料脂肪酸组成呈现高度的相关性，而DHA较EPA更易于在组织中保留。饲料DHA/EPA显著影响消化酶的活力，1.67组稚鱼胃蛋白酶及肠道胰蛋白酶活力显著高于其他各组（P＜0.05），饲料DHA/EPA的升高显著降低了石斑鱼稚鱼肠道淀粉酶的活力（P＜0.05），0.82和2.33组中肠道脂肪酶的活力显著低于其他各组（P＜0.05）。【结论】饲料中适宜的DHA/EPA显著提高了斜带石斑鱼稚鱼的生长性能，促进其消化系统的发育。斜带石斑鱼稚鱼微颗粒饲料中DHA/EPA应保持在1.67。Abstract: 【Objective】 The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of the mass ratio of dietary docosahexaenoic acid to eicosapentaenoic acid (DHA/EPA) on growth performance, body composition and digestive enzymes activities of grouper (Epinephelous coioides) larvae.【Method】 Five isoproteic (58% ) and isolipidic (16% ) diets were formulated with graded DHA/EPA (0.82, 1.28, 1.67, 2.00 and 2.33), named group 0.82, 1.28, 1.67, 2.00 and 2.33, respectively, through adjusting the content of DHA enriched oil and EPA enriched oil.A 4-week feeding trial was conducted on larval grouper with an initial weight of (70 ± 0.2) mg.Each group had 3 replicates and was fed to apparent satiation 5 times daily.【Results】 The ratio of dietary DHA/EPA produced no significant difference on the survival rate of larval grouper (P＞0.05), while the larvae in group 1.67 obtained significantly higher growth than other groups (P＜0.05).The increase of dietary DHA/EPA significantly elevated crude lipid content of grouper larvae (P＜0.05).Meanwhile, crude protein content of larvae in group 1.67 was significantly higher (P＜0.05), while the moisture content in group 1.67 was significantly lower than other groups(P＜0.05).The fatty acid composition of whole fish body and muscle was well correlated with dietary fatty acid profile, and DHA was easier to be retained compared to EPA (P＜0.05).The activity of digestive enzymes was significantly affected by the ratio of dietary DHA/EPA(P＜0.05).The activity of pepsin and intestinal trypsin in grouper larvae in group 1.67 was statistically higher than that of other groups (P＜0.05).However, the increase of the ratio of dietary DHA/EPA significantly reduced the activity of intestinal amylase, and the intestinal lipase activity in groups 0.82 and 2.33 was significantly lower than that of other groups (P＜0.05).【Conclusion】 Optimal ratio of dietary DHA/EPA significantly improved the growth performance, and promoted the development of digestive tract of larval grouper, and dietary DHA/EPA ratio should be maintained at 1.67 for the micro-diets for this grouper.
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Key words:
- Epinephelous coioides /
- micro-diet /
- DHA/EPA /
- growth performance /
- digestive enzyme activity
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