2023, 43(2): 87-94. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9159.2023.02.011
关键词： 鲟鱼 , 丝氨酸蛋白酶 , 肌原纤维蛋白 , 凝胶
Keywords： sturgeon , serine protease , myofibrillar protein , gel
【目的】探究鲟鱼（Acipenser sinensis）内源蛋白酶对肌原纤维蛋白凝胶性能的影响及作用机制，为鲟鱼鱼糜加工及品质提升提供基础。【方法】在鲟鱼肌原纤维蛋白中添加不同蛋白酶抑制剂，并于55℃下进行劣化降解试验，筛选起主要作用的蛋白酶类型，探究该蛋白酶在不同加热模式、不同加热阶段对肌原纤维蛋白降解的水平和主要化学力的影响，以及在动态流变学中对储能模量的影响。【结果】内源丝氨酸蛋白酶在肌原纤维蛋白劣化降解过程中起主要作用，且在不同加热模式下，额外添加鲟鱼内源丝氨酸蛋白酶粗酶组相比对照组，在凝胶化的过程中伴随蛋白质降解，三氯乙酸（TCA）可溶性肽含量显著增加（P < 0.05）；内源丝氨酸蛋白酶在凝胶形成过程中主要影响了疏水相互作用；动态流变学实验表明，内源丝氨酸蛋白酶的添加会降低凝胶形成的储能模量；扫描电镜观察表明，添加内源丝氨酸蛋白酶致使凝胶微观结构更为松散。【结论】鲟鱼内源丝氨酸蛋白酶一定程度上降低肌原纤维蛋白的凝胶性能。
【Objective】To investigate the effects of endogenous protease from sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) on the gel properties of myofibrillar proteins. 【Method】 The main protease types were selected by adding different protease inhibitors to sturgeon myofibrillar protein and conducting degradation tests at 55 ℃. The effects of the protease on the degradation level and main chemical forces of myofibrillar proteins subjected to different heating modes at different heating stages were investigated, and the influence of protease on the energy storage modulus in dynamic rheology was studied. 【Result】 Endogenous serine protease plays a significant role in the degradation of myofibrillar proteins. Under different heating modes, the content of trichloroacetic acid (TCA) soluble proteins increased significantly (P < 0.05) with protein degradation during gelation in the experimental group compared with the control group. Endogenous serine protease mainly affects the hydrophobic interaction of chemical force during gel formation. In dynamic rheological tests, the addition of endogenous serine protease decreased the final energy storage modulus after gel formation. Observed by the scanning electron microscope, the gel structure is looser. 【Conclusion】 Endogenous serine protease of sturgeon can reduce the gel properties of sturgeon myofibrillar proteins.
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