2022, 42(5): 9-17. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9159.2022.05.002
关键词： 花鲈 , 转录组 , 差异表达基因 , GO富集 , KEGG富集
Keywords： Lateolabrax maculatus , transcriptome , differentially expressed genes , GO enrichment , KEGG enrichment
【目的】筛选与花鲈肌肉生长相关的基因和信号通路，为揭示花鲈肌肉生长发育的遗传机制提供理论依据。【方法】分别取4尾生长快速[体长（34.22±2.53）cm]和4尾生长慢速[体长（17.46±1.78）cm]的花鲈个体肌肉进行转录组测序。用DESeq2 R 软件包筛选差异表达基因（Differentially expressed genes，DEGs），对DEGs进行GO富集和KEGG富集分析。通过实时荧光定量PCR验证转录组数据的准确性。【结果与结论】测序原始数据经过质量控制和组装共得到137 960 个unigenes，其中68 334 个unigenes 在Nr 中注释成功。获得10 552 个DEGs，其中2 064个DEGs表达量上调，8 488个DEGs表达量下调，鉴定出胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1基因（IGFBP1）、纤维细胞生长因子基因（FGF）、肌肉生长抑制素基因（MSTN）、生长激素受体1 基因（GHR1）等与肌肉生长发育相关的基因。DEGs 的GO 富集结果显示，与物质和能量代谢相关的条目差异显著。KEGG 富集结果显示，糖酵解/合成、腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶（AMPK）、脂肪酸降解、精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢等信号通路与肌肉生长密切相关。
【Objective】This study aimed to screen candidate genes and signaling pathways that affect the muscle growth of Lateolabrax maculatus, providing a theoretical basis for elucidating the genetic mechanism of the growth and development of muscle of the fish.【Method】The skeletal muscle tissue were clipped from four fast-growing individuals (34.22±2.53 cm, body length) and four slow-growing individuals(17.46±1.78 cm, body length)for transcriptome sequencing.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were identified with DESeq2 R package firstly, and then were analyzed by Gene Ontology(GO) and KEGG enrichment.The transcriptome data were confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR.【Result and Conclusion】The raw data of sequencing obtained a total of 137 960 unigenes of wich 68 334 unigenes were annotated in Nr database successfully.A total of 10 552 DEGs were identified, of which 2 064 DEGs were up-regulated and 8 488 DEGs were down regulated.A few genes are related to growth of muscle, such as insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 (IGFBP1), fibroblast growth factor (FGF), myostatin (MSTN), growth hormone receptor 1 (GHR1), etc.The result of GO richment of DEGs showed that the term about material and energy metabolism was significance of difference.The result of KEGG showed that some signal pathways, including glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, arginine and proline metabolism, adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) and fatty acid degradation, etc, were related closely with muscle growth and development.
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