2022, 42(1): 7-12. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-9159.2022.01.002
关键词： 虹鳟 , 免疫 , 中草药 , 副溶血弧菌 , 肝脏 , 肠道 , 非特异性免疫
Keywords： Oncorhynchus mykiss , immune , Chinese herbal medicine , Vibrio parahemolyticus , liver , intestine , nonspecific immune
【目的】研究复方中草药对虹鳟（Oncorhynchus mykiss）肝脏免疫功能及肠道免疫相关基因的影响。【方法】将红枣提取物、山药提取物和黄芪提取物按照质量比1∶1∶1混合，分别按质量分数0（对照）、0.3%、0.6%和1.2%添加到虹鳟基础饲料中，饲喂体长7.6 ～ 8.9 cm的虹鳟幼鱼56 d。用副溶血弧菌（Vibrio parahemolyticus）对幼鱼进行攻毒试验(5.48×106 cfu/尾)，4 d后，取其肝脏和肠道，测定肝脏的生理生化指标，用半定量PCR及荧光定量PCR测定肠道免疫相关基因的表达。【结果】与对照组比较，肝脏的总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）显著升高（P<0.05），溶菌酶（LZM）水平极显著升高（P<0.01），酸性磷酸酶（ACP）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著降低（P<0.05），碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性极显著降低（P<0.01），0.6%剂量组的丙二醛（MDA）极显著降低（P<0.01），而SOD无显著差异（P>0.05）；各复方中草药组肠道的肿瘤坏死因子（TNF-α）及1.2%剂量组转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）转录水平极显著降低（P<0.01），0.3%和0.6%剂量组的补体3（C3）转录水平显著升高（P<0.05）。【结论】复方中草药(红枣+山药+黄芪)可提高感染副溶血弧菌的虹鳟非特异性免疫功能。
【Objective】The aim of this study is to study the effect of Chinese herbal compound (CHC) on liver immune function and intestinal immune-related genes of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).【Method】Juvenilerainbow trout with a body length of 7.6-8.9 cm were fed the diets containing CHC prepared by jujube, yam and astragalus extracts (20:1) in equal proportion at a dose of 0, 0.3%, 0.6% and 1.2% for 56 d, and then were injected with Vibrio parahemolyticus (5.48×106 cfu/ind). Four days after injection, physiological and biochemical indexes in the liver and the expressions of immune related genes in the intestine were detected by semi-quantitative PCR and qPCR.【Results】Compared with the control, T-AOC and LZM activity were significantly increased (P< 0.05, P< 0.01,), and the acid phosphatase(ACP), catalase (CAT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities were decreased (P< 0.05), and the MDA level in 0.6% group was also decreased (P< 0.01); while SOD was not changed (P> 0.05); expressions of TNF-α gene in theintestine of CHC groups andTGF-β gene in 1.2% group were significantly decreased (P< 0.01), whileC3 in 0.3% and 0.6% groups were increased (P< 0.05).【Conclusion】CHC (jujube+yam+astragalus) can improve the nonspecific immune function level of rainbow trouts infected with Vibrio parahemolyticus.
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