2014, 29(6): 566-571. doi: 10.3969/J.ISSN.2095-1388.2014.06.005
关键词： 虹鳟 , 温度胁迫 , 血清酶 , 血清激素 , 生长激素受体 , 类胰岛素生长因子
Keywords： Oncorhynchus mykiss , temperature stress , serum enzyme , serum hormone , GHR , IGF
为探究急性温度胁迫对虹鳟Oncorhynchus mykiss肝脏代谢酶和部分生长调控基因表达的影响，采用血清生化分析仪测定了低温（6℃）和高温（24℃）胁迫下虹鳟（体质量为240 g±18 g）血清中谷草转氨酶（AST）、谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）的活性，通过放射免疫法测定了血清类胰岛素生长因子1（IGF-1）的含量，采用实时定量法测定了肝脏中GHR1、IGF-1和IGF-2的表达量。结果表明：温度胁迫2 h后，低温和高温两个处理组鱼的AST活性和高温组的ALT活性均呈先升高后降低的趋势，均在恢复6 h时达到最大值，而低温组鱼的ALT活性在胁迫后恢复0 h时就显著升高（P<0.05），随后逐渐降低至对照组水平；低温组鱼的ALP活性在胁迫后显著降低（P<0.05），并在48 h的恢复期间始终维持在较低水平，而高温组鱼的ALP活性比对照组略有降低（P>0.05）；低温组鱼的血清IGF-1激素含量在恢复12 h后呈上升趋势，并在48 h时恢复至对照组水平，而高温组血清IGF-1含量在胁迫后始终处于较低水平；两个处理组肝脏中，GHR1基因表达量比对照组略有降低（P>0.05），而IGF-1和IGF-2基因表达量均呈先降低后升高的趋势，且IGF-2表达量下降更明显，并在恢复12 h时达到最低值。研究表明：温度胁迫后，虹鳟血清转氨酶活性降低，肝脏受到损伤；血清IGF-1激素含量下降，肝脏中GHR1、IGF-1和IGF-2基因表达量均低于对照组；高温组各指标变化较大，说明属于冷水鱼类的虹鳟受高温影响更为显著。
Activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were determined in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss with body weight of (240 g±18 g) exposed to low (6℃) and high temperature(24℃) by a BS-180 biochemical analyzer, and levels of serum insulinlike growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and the expression of GHR1, IGF-1 and IGF-2 in liver were detected by radioimmunoassay and by real-time quantification.The activities of serum AST and ALT were shown to be increased first and then decreased, the maximum at 6 h and significantly higher in the lower temperature group for ALT even at 0 h(P<0.05), finally being reduced to the level in the control group.The ALP activity was significantly decreased at 0 h (P<0.05), and then maintained low level in low temperature group, while the ALP activity was decreased slightly in high temperature group.The serum IGF-1 level was found increase at 0 h and then recovery to the level in the control group at low temperature exposure.In the high temperature exposure, however, the serum IGF-1 level was kept at low level, without significant difference (P>0.05).The expression of IGF-1 and IGF-2 genes was shown to be decreased firstly and then increased, the minimum at 12 h, significantly lower for IGF-2 gene.The findings revealed that acute temperature led to harmful liver and to increase in AST and ALT activities and to decrease in ALP activity; meanwhile serum IGF-1 level and the expression of GHR1, IGF-1 and IGF-2 also were decreased, indicating that acute temperature may affect the expression of growth related genes.
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