Effects of Different Cultivation Methods on Seedling Establishment and Physiology of the Eelgrass Zostera marina
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摘要: 在15 ℃条件下，研究了3种栽培方式(水培促萌+萌中插植、水培促萌+萌后插植以及基质栽培)对鳗草(Zostera marina)种子萌发、实生苗建成与生长的影响，分析了鳗草实生苗的培育成本及其应对不同栽培方式的生理响应。结果显示，水培促萌+萌中插植、水培促萌+萌后插植的鳗草种子萌发率和实生苗建成率无显著差异(P>0.05)，平均达到54.8%和46.5%，分别是基质栽培处理组的1.3和1.6倍(P<0.05)。水培促萌+萌中插植、水培促萌+萌后插植的鳗草实生苗的各项生长指标亦无显著差异(P>0.05)，其平均值均显著高于基质栽培处理组(P<0.05)，特别是根生成速率平均达到基质促萌处理组的1.6倍。主成分分析显示，水培促萌+基质插植的鳗草实生苗生理状态较优，其中，总氮和可溶性糖含量的贡献度较大，贡献度平均分别达到16.6%和15.0%，是基质栽培处理组的1.2倍(P<0.05)。培育成本分析显示，水培促萌+萌后插植栽培方式的培育成本最低(3.6元/株)，是水培促萌+萌中插植栽培方式的81.9%。综合实生苗培育效果和培育成本，水培促萌+萌后插植的栽培方式是适宜的鳗草实生苗栽培方式，其主要通过提升实生苗非结构性碳水化合物的形成和提高光合色素含量，实现对实生苗建成与生长的促进作用。Abstract: In this study, the effects of three cultivation methods (hydroponics germination promotion + germination insertion treatment, hydroponic germination promotion + germination post-insertion treatment, and substrate cultivation treatment) on seed germination, seedling establishment, and growth of Zostera marina were studied at 15 ℃, and the cultivation costs and physiological responses of Z. marina seedlings to different cultivation methods were analyzed. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results revealed that there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in the seed germination rate and seedling establishment rate of Z. marina between treatments of hydroponic germination promotion + germination insertion and hydroponic germination promotion + germination post-insertion. The average of the two cultivation methods reached 54.8% and 46.5%, which were 1.3 and 1.6 times higher than those under the substrate cultivation treatment, respectively (P<0.05). There were no significant differences (P<0.05) in the growth indices of Z. marina seedlings between the two cultivation methods of hydroponic germination promotion + germination insertion and hydroponic germination promotion + hydroponic germination post-insertion, but the average were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those under the substrate cultivation treatment. Specifically, the average of root production rate was 1.6 times higher than that under the substrate cultivation treatment. Principal component analysis revealed that the physiological state of Z. marina seedlings was best under the hydroponics germination promotion + substrate implantation treatment. The contributions of the total nitrogen and soluble sugar contents were greater under the two treatments with an average of 16.6% and 15.0%, respectively, which were 1.2 times greater than those under the substrate cultivation treatment (P<0.05). The analysis of cultivation costs showed that the treatment of germination promotion + germination post-insertion cultivation had the lowest cultivation costs (3.6 Yuan/plant), which was 81.9% of that under the treatment of germination promotion + germination insertion cultivation. The results showed that the hydroponic germination promotion + germination post-insertion treatment is a suitable method for cultivating Z. marina seedlings, mainly by enhancing the formation of nonstructural carbohydrates and increasing the photosynthetic pigment content of seedlings.
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