2023, 38(2): 323-330. doi: 10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2023-012
Keywords： Sargassum horneri , fucoidan , hypolipidemia , antioxidant
为探究铜藻(Sargassum horneri)岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的结构组成及降血脂作用,以铜藻为原料,采用酶解法提取岩藻聚糖硫酸酯,分析铜藻岩藻聚糖硫酸酯(简称"SF")的单糖组成和官能团构成,并建立小鼠高脂模型,按照低、中、高(100、300、500 mg/kg)剂量给小鼠灌胃SF,连续灌胃28 d后检测小鼠的脏器指数、血脂指标和抗氧化活性指标等。结果表明:使用复合酶解法提取的铜藻岩藻聚糖硫酸酯粗品, 提取率为3.68%,总糖含量为42.63%,硫酸基团含量为13.35%;红外光谱结合单糖组成分析显示,SF是以岩藻糖(39.83%)和半乳糖(28.37%)为主要单糖组成的β-吡喃糖环硫酸酯化多糖;动物试验显示,与模型组相比,灌胃不同剂量的SF均能显著降低血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)含量(P<0.05),提高高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)含量(P<0.05);灌胃中、高剂量的SF能显著降低肝脏中丙二醛(MDA)含量(P<0.05),提高谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力和一氧化氮(NO)水平(P<0.05);灌胃SF能显著降低动脉粥样硬化指数(AI)值和极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL-C)浓度(P<0.05); SF各剂量组的降血脂效果均好于药物组,其中高剂量组(500 mg/kg)的降血脂效果最好。研究表明,铜藻岩藻聚糖硫酸酯能够有效调节机体脂质代谢异常,预防动脉粥样硬化,具有良好的降血脂活性。
In order to explore the structural composition and hypolipidemic effect of fucoidan sulfate from, Sargassum horneri, fucoidan (SF) was extracted from the Sargassum horneri by enzymatic hydrolysis, in which the purity of polysaccharides was determined, and the monosaccharide composition and functional composition of SF were analyzed. The organ coefficients, serum lipid indices and antioxidant activity indices were detected in KM mice with high-fat model via gastric gavage of SF at dose of 100, 300, and 500 mg/kg 28 days after gastric gavage. The results showed that there were extraction rates of 3.68% for fucoidan, 42.63% for polysaccharides content, and 13.35% for sulfate content by composite enzymatic hydrolysis. Infrared spectroscopy combined with monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that SF was composed of fucose (39.83%) and galactose (28.37%) as the main monosaccharides β-pyranose cyclic sulfate polysaccharide. Animal test showed that the increase in weight and organ coefficients caused by high fat was shown to be significantly declined, the levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) to be significantly reduced (P<0.05), and to be enhanced in the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) in serum of the mice with different gavage doses of SF (P<0.05) compared with the model group. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content in liver was significantly reduced (P<0.05), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and nitric oxide (NO) level were significantly reduced (P<0.05). SF led to significantly reduce atherosclerotic index (AI) value and to be very low density lipoprotein (VLDL-C) concentration (P<0.05). There was better effect of reducing blood lipid in the three SF dosage groups than that in the drug (P<0.05), with the best blood lipid lowering effect in the high dosage group (500 mg/kg). The findings indicate that fucoidan sulfate from Sargassum horneri can effectively regulate abnormal lipid metabolism, prevent atherosclerosis, and good hypolipidemic activity.
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