2023, 38(2): 251-258. doi: 10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2022-219
关键词： 硬头鳟 , 温度 , 光照 , 交互作用 , 生长性能 , 行为
Keywords： Oncorhynchus mykiss , temperature , photoperiod , interaction , growth performance , behavior
为确定硬头鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)幼鱼在养殖环境下的最佳温度和光照周期组合,基于生产上普遍使用的温度和光照周期,试验共设置4个处理组,分别为13 ℃ & 16L∶8D(T1)、16 ℃ & 16L∶8D(T2)、13 ℃ & 12L∶12D(T3)和16 ℃ & 12L∶12D(T4),幼鱼初始体质量为(8.0±0.5)g,在不同温度和光照周期组合条件下养殖40 d,测定不同条件下硬头鳟的生长性能、生理指标及行为表现。结果表明:试验结束时,T1组幼鱼的生长性能显著高于其他处理组(P<0.05), T4组幼鱼肝脏的SOD活性显著高于其他处理组(P<0.05),长光照组(T1、T2)幼鱼渗透压调节能力(NKA活性)显著高于自然光照组(T3、T4)(P<0.05); T1组幼鱼游泳运动能力显著低于其他处理组(P<0.05),当光照周期相同时,16 ℃处理组幼鱼集群指标(鱼到中心点的距离、鱼间的平均距离)显著低于13 ℃处理组(P<0.05); 温度和光照周期对硬头鳟幼鱼的生长性能、生理指标和行为表现均存在显著的交互作用(P<0.05)。研究表明,与温度条件相比,延长光照时间更有助于提高硬头鳟幼鱼整体的生理调节能力,在淡水养殖阶段,13 ℃ & 16L∶8D 的条件有助于提高硬头鳟幼鱼的生长和渗透压调节能力,减少幼鱼的自发性活动并增强其集群性。
为确定硬头鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)幼鱼在养殖环境下的最佳温度和光照周期组合,基于生产上普遍使用的温度和光照周期,试验共设置4个处理组,分别为13 ℃ & 16L∶8D(T1)、16 ℃ & 16L∶8D(T2)、13 ℃ & 12L∶12D(T3)和16 ℃ & 12L∶12D(T4),幼鱼初始体质量为(8.0±0.5)g,在不同温度和光照周期组合条件下养殖40 d,测定不同条件下硬头鳟的生长性能、生理指标及行为表现。结果表明:试验结束时,T1组幼鱼的生长性能显著高于其他处理组(P<0.05), T4组幼鱼肝脏的SOD活性显著高于其他处理组(P<0.05),长光照组(T1、T2)幼鱼渗透压调节能力(NKA活性)显著高于自然光照组(T3、T4)(P<0.05); T1组幼鱼游泳运动能力显著低于其他处理组(P<0.05),当光照周期相同时,16 ℃处理组幼鱼集群指标(鱼到中心点的距离、鱼间的平均距离)显著低于13 ℃处理组(P<0.05); 温度和光照周期对硬头鳟幼鱼的生长性能、生理指标和行为表现均存在显著的交互作用(P<0.05)。研究表明,与温度条件相比,延长光照时间更有助于提高硬头鳟幼鱼整体的生理调节能力,在淡水养殖阶段,13 ℃ & 16L∶8D 的条件有助于提高硬头鳟幼鱼的生长和渗透压调节能力,减少幼鱼的自发性活动并增强其集群性。
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