2023, 38(2): 302-310. doi: 10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2022-217
关键词： 生态浮床 , 原位修复 , 富营养化湖泊 , 浮游动物 , 冗余分析
Keywords： ecological floating bed , restoration in situ , shallow eutrophic lake , zooplankton , redundancy analysis
为探究不同植物组合的生态浮床对浅水富营养化湖泊的水质净化效果及浮游动物群落结构的影响,于2021年6月对太湖梅梁湾示范区内已实施围网和围隔设施下的不同植物组合 [美人蕉(Canna indica)+菖蒲(Acorus calamus)+芦苇(Phragmites australis)和美人蕉(Canna indica)+水芹(Oenanthe javanica)+慈姑(Sagittaria sagittifolia)] 的生态浮床中浮游动物群落结构进行了调查。 结果表明:生态浮床对浅水富营养化湖泊水质的净化效果良好,围网及围隔修复区较对照区总氮(TN)、总磷(TP) 、叶绿素a(Chl-a)和高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)等水体营养盐指标均显著降低(P<0.05),水体透明度显著上升(P<0.05);围网及围隔修复区域浮游动物种类数由对照区域的23种增加到39种,且由单一耐污种转变为多种类共存,其中,围网修复区内植物组合1(美人蕉+菖蒲+芦苇) 的生态浮床浮游动物生物量及丰度显著高于对照区(P<0.05),表明修复区比对照区具有更强的浮游动物多样性恢复能力;冗余分析显示,Tur、Chl-a、CODMn和pH是影响浮游动物群落变化的主要环境因子;不同植物组合的生态浮床均在净化水质的同时提高了浮游动物密度和生物量。研究表明,浅水富营养化湖泊中置入两组不同植物组合的生态浮床,均可改变浮游动物群落结构,进而改善水环境原位修复效果,尤其以围网设施下美人蕉+菖蒲+芦苇的植物组合修复效果最好,本研究结果可为浅水富营养化湖泊水环境保护和水生生物资源恢复提供科学依据。
为探究不同植物组合的生态浮床对浅水富营养化湖泊的水质净化效果及浮游动物群落结构的影响,于2021年6月对太湖梅梁湾示范区内已实施围网和围隔设施下的不同植物组合 [美人蕉(Canna indica)+菖蒲(Acorus calamus)+芦苇(Phragmites australis)和美人蕉(Canna indica)+水芹(Oenanthe javanica)+慈姑(Sagittaria sagittifolia)] 的生态浮床中浮游动物群落结构进行了调查。 结果表明:生态浮床对浅水富营养化湖泊水质的净化效果良好,围网及围隔修复区较对照区总氮(TN)、总磷(TP) 、叶绿素a(Chl-a)和高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)等水体营养盐指标均显著降低(P<0.05),水体透明度显著上升(P<0.05);围网及围隔修复区域浮游动物种类数由对照区域的23种增加到39种,且由单一耐污种转变为多种类共存,其中,围网修复区内植物组合1(美人蕉+菖蒲+芦苇) 的生态浮床浮游动物生物量及丰度显著高于对照区(P<0.05),表明修复区比对照区具有更强的浮游动物多样性恢复能力;冗余分析显示,Tur、Chl-a、CODMn和pH是影响浮游动物群落变化的主要环境因子;不同植物组合的生态浮床均在净化水质的同时提高了浮游动物密度和生物量。研究表明,浅水富营养化湖泊中置入两组不同植物组合的生态浮床,均可改变浮游动物群落结构,进而改善水环境原位修复效果,尤其以围网设施下美人蕉+菖蒲+芦苇的植物组合修复效果最好,本研究结果可为浅水富营养化湖泊水环境保护和水生生物资源恢复提供科学依据。
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