2023, 38(2): 217-222. doi: 10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2022-211
关键词： 钝吻黄盖鲽 , 生长性能 , 肠道结构 , 肠道菌群 , 配合饲料 , 冰鲜杂鱼
Keywords： Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae , growth performance , intestinal structure , intestinal microflora , formulated feed , iced trash fish
为研究冰鲜杂鱼和配合饲料对钝吻黄盖鲽(Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae)生长及肠道健康的影响,以同一批培育的钝吻黄盖鲽幼鱼(体长为10.16 cm±0.06 cm)为研究对象,经42 d的投喂试验,采用体尺性状测量、肠道组织石蜡切片制作和高通量测序等方法,研究了冰鲜杂鱼(FF组)、配合饲料(CF组)及二者混合投喂(MF组)对钝吻黄盖鲽生长性能、肠道结构和肠道菌群的影响。结果表明:与配合饲料组 相比,冰鲜杂鱼组幼鱼的增重率、特定生长率显著提高(P<0.05), 饲料系数显著降低(P<0.05); 幼鱼肠道及其菌群结构分析显示,投喂冰鲜杂鱼能显著提高幼鱼肠道绒毛长度和基层厚度(P<0.05),提高幼鱼肠道菌群多样性,并促进红杆菌科等有益菌在肠道中的分布;混合投喂组各项指标介于冰鲜杂鱼组与配合饲料组之间。研究表明,在钝吻黄盖鲽的养殖过程中,可在配合饲料中适量添加红杆菌科的有益菌以促进钝吻黄盖鲽的生长和营养吸收, 而钝吻黄盖鲽人工配合饲料的配方还应进一步优化,以提高其市场优势。
In order to evaluate effects of iced trash fish, formulated diet and their mixture on growth, intestinal structure and microflora of marbled flounder (Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae), the same batch of marbled flounder juveniles with body length of (10.16±0.06)cm were reared in a 126 L plastic tank and fed iced trash fish, formulated diet and their mixture at water temperature of (15±1)℃ for 42 days. The results showed that the fish fed iced trash had significant increase in the body weight gain and specific growth rate (P<0.05), and decrease in the feed conversion ratio (P<0.05). The intestinal histological structure showed that the length of intestinal villi and the thickness of basal layer were significantly increased in the fish fed iced trash (P<0.05). The intestinal microflora analysis showed that the fish fed iced trash had increase in the intestinal flora diversity, promoting the distribution of beneficial bacteria such as Rhodobacteraceae in the intestinal tract of marbled flounder. It was speculated that the marbled flounder fed formulated diet had slower growth may be involved in the poorly developed intestinal mucosa and the decline in the ratio of Bacteroides to Firmicutes. The indices in the mixed diet group were mediated between iced trash fish group and formulated feed group. Therefore, beneficial bacteria in Rhodobacteraceae were added in diet to promote the growth and nutrient absorption of marbled flounder during cultivation. The artificial compound feed of marbled flounder should be further optimized to improve market advantage.
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