2023, 38(2): 242-250. doi: 10.16535/j.cnki.dlhyxb.2022-209
关键词： 哈氏刻肋海胆 , 胚胎 , 幼体 , 发育过程 , 人工繁育
Keywords： Temnopleurus hardwickii , embryo , larva , developmental process , artificial breeding
为实现哈氏刻肋海胆(Temnopleurus hardwickii)的人工繁育,对其进行人工催产、授精、孵化、幼体培育及人工养成,并在显微镜下观察了哈氏刻肋海胆从受精卵到稚胆的发育过程。结果表明:通过注射KCl溶液的方法催产,可以顺利促进哈氏刻肋海胆排放精卵,排出的卵受精率为93.6%±2.1%;哈氏刻肋海胆胚胎和幼体发育过程可分为受精卵、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、棱柱幼体、二腕幼体、四腕幼体、六腕幼体、八腕幼体和稚胆等10个时期;在水温23~24 ℃条件下,受精卵在50 min时开始卵裂,5 h时进入囊胚期,10 h时进入原肠期,18 h时进入棱柱幼体阶段,23 h时进入二腕幼体阶段,1 d 16 h时进入四腕幼体阶段,7 d 2 h时进入六腕幼体阶段,10 d 16 h时进入八腕幼体阶段,35 d时变态为稚胆;与其他种类海胆相比,哈氏刻肋海胆在四腕幼体之前发育较快,在四腕幼体之后发育较慢。研究表明,在水温23~24 ℃、盐度29~32条件下,哈氏刻肋海胆可以在室内实现人工育苗并进行人工繁殖。
In order to realize the artificial breeding of sea urchin (Temnopleurus hardwickii), induced to spawn, fertilization, incubation, larva rearing and adult cultivation of the sea urchin were carried out in a laboratory, then the developmental process of the sea urchin from fertilized egg to juvenile was observed under a microscope, and the size of fertilized egg, embryo and larvae was measured. The results showed that the sea urchin was successfully induced to spawn by injection of KCl solution, with fertilization rate of 93.6%±2.1%. The process of embryonic and larval development of the sea urchin was divided into several stages, including fertilized egg, cleavage stage, blastula stage, gastrula stage, prism larva, two armed larva, four armed larva, six armed larva, eight armed larva and juvenile. The fertilized eggs began to cleavage after 50 min, entered blastula stage after 5 h, gastrula stage after 10 h, prism larva stage after 18 h, two armed larva stage after 23 h, four armed larva stage after 1 d 16 h, six armed larva stage after 7 d 2 h, eight armed larva stage after 10 d 16 h, and metamorphosis into juvenile after 35 days at water temperature from 23 ℃ to 24 ℃. The sea urchin developed faster than other species of sea urchin before four armed larva and more slowly after from armed larva. The findings indicate that under condition of water temperature from 23 ℃ to 24 ℃ and salinity from 29 to 32, the ribed sea urchin can achieve artificial seeding cultivation and artificial reproduction indoors.
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