Changes of phytoplankton community structure and environmental factors before and after emergency treatment of cyanobacteria bloom in Nanjiang reservoir
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摘要: 为了解实验室研发的应急处置对南江水库蓝藻水华的治理效果和在治理过程中的水质变动情况，分别对南江水库在修复前、中和后的水质和浮游植物群落结构的变化开展研究。结果表明：修复后TN、TP质量浓度显著下降，优势种从修复前的唯一优势种水华束丝藻（Aphanizomenon flos-aquae）变化为修复后的鞘丝藻（Lyngbya）、水华束丝藻、巨颤藻（Oscillatoria princeps）、隐球藻（Aphanocapsa）以及尖针杆藻（Synedra acus）；浮游植物生物密度从修复前（39.20±0.52）×107 cells/L下降为修复后的（5.50±0.13）×107 cells/L；生物量从修复前（24.64±3.25） mg/L下降为修复后的（7.97±1.56） mg/L。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Margalef丰富度指数在修复前期显著低于修复中期（P<0.05）。冗余分析（RDA）表明水温（WT）、总磷（TP）是影响浮游植物的主要环境因子，其中总磷（TP）是蓝藻水华暴发的关键性因子。上述结果均表明该项应急处置能够大量削减水体中的氮、磷营养盐，降低叶绿素含量，在短期内对蓝藻水华的控制效果显著。Abstract: In order to understand the effect of emergency treatment developed by the laboratory on cyanobacteria of bloom in Najiang Reservoir and the water quality changes in the process of treatment, we studied the water quality and phytoplankton structure changes before, during and after the restoration of Nanjiang Reservoir. The results showed that the mass concentration of TN and TP decreased significantly after restoration, and the dominant species changed from the only dominant species Aphanizomenon flos-aquae before restoration to the after restoration:Lyngbya, Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, Oscillatoria princeps, Aphanocapsa and Synedra acus. The density of phytoplankton decreased from (39.2±0.52)×107 cells/L in the early stage to (5.5±0.13)×107 cells/L in the later stage of restoration;the biomass decreased from (24.64±3.25) mg/L before the restoration to (7.97±1.56) mg/L after restoration. Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Pielou evenness index and Margalef richness index were significantly lower in the early stage than in the middle stage (P < 0.05). Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that water temperature (WT) and total phosphorus (TP) were the main environmental factors affecting phytoplankton, and total phosphorus (TP) was the key factor for outbreak of cyanobacteria bloom. The results above indicate that the emergency treatment can reduce the nutrient salt of nitrogen and phosphorus in water and reduce the chlorophyll content, and the effect of control on cyanobacteria bloom is significant in the short term.
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