Comprehensive water quality evaluation of freshwater concentrated continuous ponds and aquaculture tail water treatment system
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摘要: 使用水质标识指数法，以总固体悬浮物（TSS）、有机物（CODMn）、氨氮（TAN）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）作为单因子参评指标和综合评价指标，依据国家《地表水环境质量标准》（GB 3838—2002）、《淡水池塘养殖水排放要求》（SC/T 9101—2007）对淡水养殖小区进水源、池塘养殖尾水和养殖尾水处理系统排放水进行综合水质的评价分析。研究表明：在本集中连片池塘与养殖尾水处理系统构成的淡水养殖小区中，进水源主要污染物为TN；养殖池塘主要污染物风险因子为TP、TSS；养殖尾水处理系统对养殖尾水综合水质净化发挥重要作用，东区池塘养殖尾水经尾水处理系统（S1）处理后，综合水质得到改善（IΔX1.X2=13%），主要污染物TN得到显著改善（IΔX1.X2=23%），西区池塘养殖尾水经尾水处理系统（S2）处理后，综合水质略有改善（IΔX1.X2=9%）；利用养殖尾水处理系统对水产养殖尾水实施净化处理，经处理后的排放水达到或优于养殖小区进水源综合水质的水平，并符合《淡水池塘养殖水排放要求》一级排放标准，且未对邻近自然水域环境造成负面影响，还略有改善作用。Abstract: The water quality identification index method was used to evaluate and analyze the comprehensive water quality of the inflow, aquaculture tail water and the discharge water from aquaculture tail water treatment system in the freshwater aquafarm.Total solid suspended matter (TSS), organic matter (CODMn), total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were taken as single factor evaluation indexes and comprehensive evaluation indexes. The comprehensive water quality was evaluated and analyzed according to Environmental Quality Standard for Surface water(GB 3838-2002) or Requirement for Water Discharge from Freshwater Aquaculture Pond (SC/T 9101-2007). Research indicated that:TN was the main pollutant in the inflow of the aquafarm. TP and TSS were the key risk factors of pollutants in the ponds. Aquiculture tail water treatment system played an important role in the integrated water quality purification of aquiculture tail water. After the eastern pond tail water was treated by the aquiculture tail water treatment system (S1), the comprehensive water quality was improved (IΔX1.X2=13%), and the main pollutant TN was significantly improved (IΔX1.X2=23%). After the western pond tail water was treated by the aquiculture tail water treatment system (S2), the comprehensive water quality was slightly improved (IΔX1.X2=9%). The comprehensive water quality of the discharge water was equal to or better than that of the inflow in the aquafarm by aquaculture tail water treatment system to purify aquaculture tail water, and it met the first-level discharge standard of SC/T 9101-2007, and had no negative impact on the environment of adjacent natural waters, but also had a slight improvement effect.
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