2012, 27(6): 534-538.
Keywords： Oncorhynchus mykiss , protease , growth performance , intestine tissue structure
为考察饲料中添加蛋白酶对虹鳟Oncorhynchus mykiss生长性能、肌肉成分以及肠、胃蛋白酶活性和前肠组织结构的影响,配制了鱼粉含量为35%的高鱼粉饲料、鱼粉含量为28%的低鱼粉饲料(补充赖氨酸、蛋氨酸达到与高鱼粉饲料一致的水平),以及在低鱼粉饲料中添加175 mg/kg蛋白酶PT的蛋白酶饲料,用3种饲料饲喂初始体质量为(52.1±0.5)g的虹鳟60 d。结果表明:高鱼粉组、低鱼粉组和蛋白酶组虹鳟的增重率分别为98.46%、88.48%、96.82%,饲料系数分别为1.36、1.52、1.41,低鱼粉组虹鳟的增重率最低,饲料系数最高;在低鱼粉饲料中添加蛋白酶后,鱼体增重率提高了9.42%,饲料系数降低了7.80%(P>0.05),且与高鱼粉组无显著性差异(P>0.05);各组虹鳟的肌肉成分间无显著性差异(P>0.05);与低鱼粉组相比,蛋白酶组虹鳟的胃、肠蛋白酶活性及肠道皱襞高度、面积均有所提高(P<0.05),达到了与高鱼粉组基本一致的水平。本研究结果表明,在虹鳟低鱼粉饲料中添加蛋白酶可提高胃、肠蛋白酶活性,改善肠道组织结构,改善鱼体生长性能。
Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss with an initial weight of (52.1±0.5) g was fed three diets containing high (35% fish meal, H group), low fish meal (28% fish meal, L group), and low fish meal supplemented with 175 mg/kg protease PT(S group) for 60 days to investigate the effects of protease on growth, muscle proximate composition, intestinal and gastric protease activities, and tissue structure in rainbow trout. The results showed that the weight gain was found to be 98.46% in H group, 88.48% in L group and 96.82% in S group. The food conversion ratio was 1.36 in H group,1.52 in L group, and 1.41 in S group, the minimal weight gain, and the maximal food conversion ratio in the rainbow trout in L group. The weight gain was increased by 9.42% and food conversion ratio decreased by 7.80% in the rainbow trout in S group(P>0.05), no significant difference compared with the rainbow trout in H group(P>0.05).There were no significant differences in proximate muscle composition among rainbow trout fed the three diets (P>0.05). There were significantly higher intestine and gastric protease activities, and foregut plica height and area in the rainbow trout in S group, almost the same level as in H group, than those in low fish meal diet (P<0.05). It is concluded that the addition of protease in basical low fish meal diet leads to enhance intestine and gastric protease activities, and to improve the tissue structure of intestine and the growth performance in rainbow trout.
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